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Oil reserves in Iraq are considered the world’s fifth-largest proven oil reserves, with 140 billion barrels.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=OPEC Share of World Crude Oil Reserves )〕 The sources for this oil is primarily located in the Shiite-majority and Kurdish-majority regions. Sunni-dominated areas on the other hand are comparatively lacking.〔http://www.vox.com/a/maps-explain-crisis-iraq〕 As a result of military occupation and civil unrest, the official statistics have not been revised since 2001 and are largely based on 2-D seismic data from three decades ago. International geologists and consultants have estimated that unexplored territory may contain vastly larger reserves. The majority of Iraq's proven reserves of oil comes from the following cities: Basra (Being #1), Baghdad (Being #2), Ramadi (Being #3), and finally, Ba'aj (Being the last oil rich city). A measure of the uncertainty about Iraq's oil reserves is indicated by widely differing estimates. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) estimated in 2003 that Iraq had . The United States Geological Survey (USGS) in 1995 estimated proven reserves were . Iraq's prewar deputy oil minister said that potential reserves might be . The source of the uncertainty is that due to decades of war and unrest, many of Iraq's oil wells are run down and unkept. Repairs to the wells and oil facilities should make far more oil available economically from the same deposits. Iraq may prove to contain the largest extractable deposits of oil in the entire Middle East once these upgrading and facility improvements have advanced. After more than a decade of sanctions and two Gulf Wars, Iraq’s oil infrastructure needs modernization and investment. Despite a large reconstruction effort, the Iraqi oil industry has not been able to meet hydrocarbon production and export targets. The World Bank estimates that an additional $1 billion per year would need to be invested just to maintain current production. Long-term Iraq reconstruction costs could reach $100 billion or higher, of which more than a third will go to the oil, gas and electricity sectors. Another challenge to Iraq's development of the oil sector is that resources are not evenly divided across sectarian lines. Most known resources are in the Shiite areas of the south and the Kurdish north, with few resources in control of the Sunni population in the center. In 2006, Iraq's oil production averaged , down from around of production prior to the coalition invasion in 2003.〔 Iraq's reserve to production ratio is 158 years. ==Oil extraction contracts awarded== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oil reserves in Iraq」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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